茲:

(一)①草木滋盛。《詩經·邶風·泉水》:“我思肥泉,茲之永嘆。”(肥泉:古水名。)②年。《國語·魯語上》:“今茲海其有災乎? 夫廣川之鳥獸,恒知避其災也。”(恒:經常。)《呂氏春秋·任地》:“今茲美禾,來茲美麥。”③今;現在。洪仁玕《資政新篇》:“茲謹將所見聞者條陳於後。”(條陳:分條陳述。)④代詞。表示指示。1. 此;這裡。李白《送友人》:“揮手自茲去,蕭蕭班馬鳴。”(蕭蕭:馬鳴聲。班馬:離群的馬。)《論語·子罕》:“文王既設,文不在茲乎?”2.這樣。《國語·楚語上》:“餘恐德之不類,茲故不言。”⑤副詞。益;更加。《墨子·尚同上》:“其人茲眾,其所謂義者亦茲眾。”⑥語氣詞。相當於“吧”;“呀”。《尚書·立政》:“周公曰:‘嗚呼! 休茲!’”(休:美。) (二)cí[龜(qiū)茲]見“龜”。

悵:

失意;煩惱。古樂府《古詩為焦仲卿妻作》:“悵然遙相望,知是故人來。”《史記·陳涉世傢》:“輟耕之壟上,悵恨久之。”(恨:不滿意。)

多:

①數量大,與“少”相對。《孟子·公孫醜下》:“得道者多助,失道者寡助。”(得道:指得治國之道,即行仁政。寡:少。)王維《相思》:“願君多采擷。”②勝過;超過。湯顯祖《紫簫記·巧探》:“想他才似相如,貌多王粲。”(相如:司馬相如,漢辭賦傢。王粲:漢魏間人,貌美多才。)③稱贊;著重。《史記·季佈欒佈列傳》:“諸公皆多季佈能摧剛為柔,朱傢以此名聞當世。”《史記·魏其武安侯列傳》:“士亦以此多之。”④過分的;多餘的。《莊子·漁父》:“今子既上無君侯有司之勢,而下無大臣職事之官,而擅飭(chì)禮樂,選人倫以化齊民,不泰多事乎?”(飭:整頓。泰:太,過於,過分。)劉劭《人物志·體別》:“夫在多疑。”⑤增多。《荀子·天論》:“因物而多之,孰與騁能而化之?”⑥通“哆”,不正。《法言·吾子》:“中正則雅,多哇則鄭。”(哇:淫邪的樂聲。)⑦副詞。表示限定。約相當於“隻”、“僅僅”。朱浮《為幽州牧與彭寵書》:“此猶河濱之民捧土以塞孟津,多見其不知量也。”《論語·子張》:“人雖欲自絕,其何傷於日月乎? 多見其不知量也。”

緒:

①絲的頭。《文心雕龍·章句》:“如蠶之抽緒。”②開端;頭緒。《淮南子·兵略》:“而出入無形,莫知其端緒者也。”③情思;心緒。簡文帝《阻歸賦》:“何愁緒之交加。”④世系。《南史·羊侃傳》:“唯侃是衣冠餘緒,帝寵之逾於他者。”(衣冠:士大夫。)⑤餘下。《楚辭 · 九章·涉江》:“欸(āi)秋冬之緒風。”(欸:嘆息。)⑥先人餘下的事業。《詩經·魯頌·閟宮》:“纘禹之緒。”

懷:

 【懷】《字彙補》敷救切，音副。怒也。（懷）〔古文〕褱《唐韻》戸乖切《集韻》《韻會》乎乖切，音槐。《說文》念思也。從心褱聲。《論語》君子懷德。又歸也。《書·大禹謨》黎民懷之。《註》歸之也。又來也。《詩·齊風》曷又懷止。又《周頌》懷柔百神。《註》懷，來也。又安也。《書·秦誓》邦之榮懷。《詩·王風》懷哉懷哉。又包也。《書·堯典》蕩蕩懷山襄陵。又藏也。《論語》懷其寶，而迷其邦。《禮·曲禮》其有核者，懷其核。又慰也。《詩·檜風》懷之好音。又懷抱，胷臆也。《左傳·成十七年》瓊瑰盈吾懷乎。《論語》然後免於父母之懷。《史記·貨殖傳》淮北郡、汝南

友:

①朋友。《荀子·性惡》:“擇良友而友之。”劉義慶《世說新語·德行》:“子非吾友也。”②結為友。《呂氏春秋·舉難》:“文侯師子夏,友田子方。”③友愛;相好。《三國志·蜀志·先主傳》:“坋深與先主相友。”

自:

①自己。《詩經·大雅·文王》:“永言配命,自求多福。”(言:通“焉”。配命:合乎天命。)《老子》:“知人者智,自知者明。”②親自。宋濂《送東陽馬生序》:“每假借於藏書之傢,手自筆錄,計日以還。”《史記·蕭相國世傢》:“高祖自將。”③自然。《史記·李將軍列傳》:“諺曰:‘桃李無言,下自成蹊。’”(蹊:小徑;小路。)④介詞。1.從。《孟子·滕文公上》:“有為神農之言者許行,自楚之滕。”(神農:傳說為古代造耒耜、興農業的帝王。許行:當時的農學傢。)《論語·學而》:“有朋自遠方來。”2. 由於。《史記·屈原賈生列傳》:“屈平之作《離騷》,蓋自怨生也。”《漢書·灌夫傳》:“侯自我得之,自我捐之,無所恨。”⑤連詞。表示假設。可譯為假如。《左傳·成公十六年》:“唯聖人能內外無患,自非聖人,外寧必有內憂。”⑥連詞。表示假設的讓步。可譯為即使。《漢書·高祖紀下》:“高祖不修文學,而性明達,好謀能聽,自監門戍卒,見之如舊。”又《杜周傳》:“自京師不曉,況於遠方?”

難:

(一)nán 困難;艱難。與“易”相對。《老子》第二章:“故有無相生,難易相成。”李白《蜀道難》:“蜀道之難,難於上青天。” (二)nàn ①災難;禍患。《孫子·謀攻》:“三軍既惑且疑,則諸侯之難至矣。”《韓非子·五蠹》:“堅甲厲兵以備難。”(厲兵:磨快兵器。)特指兵難,反抗或叛亂。賈誼《過秦論》:“一夫作難而七廟隳。”(七廟:天子的宗廟。隳 :毀壞。)蘇軾《晁錯論》:“惟仁人君子豪傑之士,能出身為天下犯大難,以求成大功。”②怨仇。《戰國策·秦策一》:“以與周武為難。”(周武:周武王。)《史記·張儀列傳》:“楚嘗與秦構難,戰於漢中。”③責備;責難。《孟子·離婁下》:“於禽獸又何難焉?”又詰問;反駁。《論衡·問孔》:“造難孔子,何傷於義?”王安石《答司馬諫議書》:“辟邪說,難壬人。”(壬人:佞人,巧言諂媚的小人。)又辯駁的觀點,論點。《漢書·高帝紀》:“(漢王)以問張良,良發八難。” (三)nuó ①茂盛的樣子。《詩經·小雅·隰桑》:“隰桑有阿,其葉有難。”(阿:通“婀”,柔美的樣子。)②驅逐疫鬼。後來寫作“儺”。《周禮·夏官·方相氏》:“帥百隸而時難,以索室驅疫。”

裁:

①裁制;剪裁。《鹽鐵論·詔聖》:“故衣弊而革裁,法弊而更制。”②削減;刪減。《漢書· 食貨志上》:“裁其賈(jià)以招民。”(賈:價格。)《文心雕龍·鎔裁》:“剪截浮詞謂之裁。”(截:去掉。)③衡量;判斷。《戰國策·秦策》:“臣願悉言所聞,大王裁其罪。”④制;控制。《楚辭·惜誓》:“神龍失水而陸居兮,為螻(lóu)蟻之所裁。”(螻:螻蛄。)⑤(文學的)體制,格式。張衡《西京賦》:“取殊裁於八都。”⑥通“才”。1.僅僅。表示數量小。《漢書·高惠高後文功臣表》:“時大城名都民人散亡,戶口可得而數裁什二三。”(什二三:十分之二三。)2. 剛剛。表示時間短。《聊齋志異·促織》:“手裁舉,則又超然而躍。”(超:高跳。)

ci :

(yi )①cao mu zi cheng 。《shi jing ·bei feng ·quan shui 》:“wo sai fei quan ,ci zhi yong tan 。”(fei quan :gu shui ming 。)②nian 。《guo yu ·lu yu shang 》:“jin ci hai ji you zai hu ? fu an chuan zhi diao shou ,heng zhi bi ji zai ye 。”(heng :jing chang 。)《lv shi chun qiu ·ren de 》:“jin ci mei he ,lai ci mei mai 。”③jin ;xian zai 。hong ren gan 《zi zheng xin pian 》:“ci jin jiang suo jian wen zhe tiao chen yu hou 。”(tiao chen :fen tiao chen shu 。)④dai ci 。biao shi zhi shi 。1. ci ;zhe li 。li bai 《song you ren 》:“hui shou zi ci qu ,xiao xiao ban ma ming 。”(xiao xiao :ma ming sheng 。ban ma :li qun de ma 。)《lun yu ·zi han 》:“wen wang ji she ,wen bu zai ci hu ?”2.zhe yang 。《guo yu ·chu yu shang 》:“yu kong de zhi bu lei ,ci gu bu yan 。”⑤fu ci 。yi ;geng jia 。《mo zi ·shang tong shang 》:“ji ren ci zhong ,ji suo wei yi zhe yi ci zhong 。”⑥yu qi ci 。xiang dang yu “ba ”;“ya ”。《shang shu ·li zheng 》:“zhou gong yue :‘wu hu ! xiu ci !’”(xiu :mei 。) (er )cí[gui (qiū)ci ]jian “gui ”。

chang :

shi yi ;fan nao 。gu le fu 《gu shi wei jiao zhong qing qi zuo 》:“chang ran yao xiang wang ,zhi shi gu ren lai 。”《shi ji ·chen she shi jia 》:“chuo geng zhi long shang ,chang hen jiu zhi 。”(hen :bu man yi 。)

duo :

①shu liang da ,yu “shao ”xiang dui 。《meng zi ·gong sun chou xia 》:“de dao zhe duo zhu ,shi dao zhe gua zhu 。”(de dao :zhi de zhi guo zhi dao ,ji hang ren zheng 。gua :shao 。)wang wei 《xiang sai 》:“yuan jun duo cai xie 。”②sheng guo ;chao guo 。shang xian zu 《zi xiao ji ·qiao tan 》:“xiang ta cai shi xiang ru ,mao duo wang can 。”(xiang ru :si ma xiang ru ,han ci fu jia 。wang can :han wei jian ren ,mao mei duo cai 。)③chen zan ;zhao chong 。《shi ji ·ji bu luan bu lie chuan 》:“zhu gong jie duo ji bu neng cui gang wei rou ,zhu jia yi ci ming wen dang shi 。”《shi ji ·wei ji wu an hou lie chuan 》:“shi yi yi ci duo zhi 。”④guo fen de ;duo yu de 。《zhuang zi ·yu fu 》:“jin zi ji shang mo jun hou you si zhi shi ,er xia mo da chen zhi shi zhi guan ,er shan chi (chì)li le ,shua ren lun yi hua ji min ,bu tai duo shi hu ?”(chi :zheng du 。tai :tai ,guo yu ,guo fen 。)liu shao 《ren wu zhi ·ti bie 》:“fu zai duo yi 。”⑤zeng duo 。《xun zi ·tian lun 》:“yin wu er duo zhi ,shu yu cheng neng er hua zhi ?”⑥tong “chi ”,bu zheng 。《fa yan ·wu zi 》:“zhong zheng ze ya ,duo wa ze zheng 。”(wa :yin xie de le sheng 。)⑦fu ci 。biao shi xian ding 。yao xiang dang yu “zhi ”、“jin jin ”。zhu fu 《wei you zhou mu yu peng chong shu 》:“ci you he bin zhi min peng tu yi sai meng jin ,duo jian ji bu zhi liang ye 。”《lun yu ·zi zhang 》:“ren sui yu zi jue ,ji he shang yu ri yue hu ? duo jian ji bu zhi liang ye 。”

xu :

①si de tou 。《wen xin diao long ·zhang gou 》:“ru can zhi chou xu 。”②kai duan ;tou xu 。《huai na zi ·bing lve 》:“er chu ru mo xing ,mo zhi ji duan xu zhe ye 。”③qing sai ;xin xu 。jian wen di 《zu gui fu 》:“he chou xu zhi jiao jia 。”④shi ji 。《na shi ·yang kan chuan 》:“wei kan shi yi guan yu xu ,di chong zhi yu yu ta zhe 。”(yi guan :shi da fu 。)⑤yu xia 。《chu ci · jiu zhang ·she jiang 》:“ai (āi)qiu dong zhi xu feng 。”(ai :tan xi 。)⑥xian ren yu xia de shi ye 。《shi jing ·lu song ·bi gong 》:“zuan yu zhi xu 。”

huai :

 【huai 】《zi 彙補》fu jiu qie ，yin fu 。nu ye 。（懷）〔gu wen 〕huai 《tang 韻》hu guai qie 《ji 韻》《韻會》hu guai qie ，yin huai 。《說wen 》nian sai ye 。cong xin huai 聲。《論語》jun zi 懷de 。you 歸ye 。《書·da yu 謨》li min 懷zhi 。《註》歸zhi ye 。you 來ye 。《詩·齊風》he you 懷zhi 。you 《zhou 頌》懷rou bai shen 。《註》懷，來ye 。you an ye 。《書·qin shi 》bang zhi 榮懷。《詩·wang 風》懷zai 懷zai 。you bao ye 。《書·堯dian 》蕩蕩懷shan xiang ling 。you cang ye 。《論語》懷ji 寶，er mi ji bang 。《禮·qu 禮》ji you he zhe ，懷ji he 。you wei ye 。《詩·檜風》懷zhi hao yin 。you 懷bao ，xiong yi ye 。《zuo 傳·cheng shi qi nian 》瓊gui ying wu 懷hu 。《論語》ran hou mian wu fu mu zhi 懷。《shi 記·貨shi 傳》huai bei jun 、ru na

you :

①peng you 。《xun zi ·xing e 》:“ze liang you er you zhi 。”liu yi qing 《shi shui xin yu ·de hang 》:“zi fei wu you ye 。”②jie wei you 。《lv shi chun qiu ·ju nan 》:“wen hou shi zi xia ,you tian zi fang 。”③you ai ;xiang hao 。《san guo zhi ·shu zhi ·xian zhu chuan 》:“fen shen yu xian zhu xiang you 。”

zi :

①zi ji 。《shi jing ·da ya ·wen wang 》:“yong yan pei ming ,zi qiu duo fu 。”(yan :tong “yan ”。pei ming :ge hu tian ming 。)《lao zi 》:“zhi ren zhe zhi ,zi zhi zhe ming 。”②qin zi 。song lian 《song dong yang ma sheng xu 》:“mei jia jie yu cang shu zhi jia ,shou zi bi lu ,ji ri yi hai 。”《shi ji ·xiao xiang guo shi jia 》:“gao zu zi jiang 。”③zi ran 。《shi ji ·li jiang jun lie chuan 》:“yan yue :‘tao li mo yan ,xia zi cheng qi 。’”(qi :xiao jing ;xiao lu 。)④jie ci 。1.cong 。《meng zi ·teng wen gong shang 》:“you wei shen nong zhi yan zhe hu hang ,zi chu zhi teng 。”(shen nong :chuan shui wei gu dai zao lei si 、xing nong ye de di wang 。hu hang :dang shi de nong xue jia 。)《lun yu ·xue er 》:“you peng zi yuan fang lai 。”2. you yu 。《shi ji ·qu yuan gu sheng lie chuan 》:“qu ping zhi zuo 《li sao 》,gai zi yuan sheng ye 。”《han shu ·guan fu chuan 》:“hou zi wo de zhi ,zi wo juan zhi ,mo suo hen 。”⑤lian ci 。biao shi jia she 。ke yi wei jia ru 。《zuo chuan ·cheng gong shi liu nian 》:“wei sheng ren neng nei wai mo huan ,zi fei sheng ren ,wai ning bi you nei you 。”⑥lian ci 。biao shi jia she de rang bu 。ke yi wei ji shi 。《han shu ·gao zu ji xia 》:“gao zu bu xiu wen xue ,er xing ming da ,hao mou neng ting ,zi jian men shu cu ,jian zhi ru jiu 。”you 《du zhou chuan 》:“zi jing shi bu xiao ,kuang yu yuan fang ?”

nan :

(yi )nán kun nan ;jian nan 。yu “yi ”xiang dui 。《lao zi 》di er zhang :“gu you mo xiang sheng ,nan yi xiang cheng 。”li bai 《shu dao nan 》:“shu dao zhi nan ,nan yu shang qing tian 。” (er )nàn ①zai nan ;huo huan 。《sun zi ·mou gong 》:“san jun ji huo ju yi ,ze zhu hou zhi nan zhi yi 。”《han fei zi ·wu du 》:“jian jia li bing yi bei nan 。”(li bing :mo kuai bing qi 。)te zhi bing nan ,fan kang huo pan luan 。gu yi 《guo qin lun 》:“yi fu zuo nan er qi miao hui 。”(qi miao :tian zi de zong miao 。hui :hui huai 。)su shi 《chao cuo lun 》:“wei ren ren jun zi hao jie zhi shi ,neng chu shen wei tian xia fan da nan ,yi qiu cheng da gong 。”②yuan chou 。《zhan guo ce ·qin ce yi 》:“yi yu zhou wu wei nan 。”(zhou wu :zhou wu wang 。)《shi ji ·zhang yi lie chuan 》:“chu chang yu qin gou nan ,zhan yu han zhong 。”③ze bei ;ze nan 。《meng zi ·li lou xia 》:“yu qin shou you he nan yan ?”you jie wen ;fan bo 。《lun heng ·wen kong 》:“zao nan kong zi ,he shang yu yi ?”wang an dan 《da si ma jian yi shu 》:“bi xie shui ,nan ren ren 。”(ren ren :ning ren ,qiao yan chan mei de xiao ren 。)you bian bo de guan dian ,lun dian 。《han shu ·gao di ji 》:“(han wang )yi wen zhang liang ,liang fa ba nan 。” (san )nuó ①mao cheng de yang zi 。《shi jing ·xiao ya ·xi sang 》:“xi sang you a ,ji xie you nan 。”(a :tong “e ”,rou mei de yang zi 。)②qu zhu yi gui 。hou lai xie zuo “nuo ”。《zhou li ·xia guan ·fang xiang shi 》:“shuai bai li er shi nan ,yi suo shi qu yi 。”

cai :

①cai zhi ;jian cai 。《yan tie lun ·zhao sheng 》:“gu yi bi er ge cai ,fa bi er geng zhi 。”②xiao jian ;shan jian 。《han shu · shi huo zhi shang 》:“cai ji gu (jià)yi qiao min 。”(gu :jia ge 。)《wen xin diao long ·rong cai 》:“jian jie fu ci wei zhi cai 。”(jie :qu diao 。)③heng liang ;pan duan 。《zhan guo ce ·qin ce 》:“chen yuan xi yan suo wen ,da wang cai ji zui 。”④zhi ;kong zhi 。《chu ci ·xi shi 》:“shen long shi shui er liu ju xi ,wei lou (lóu)yi zhi suo cai 。”(lou :lou gu 。)⑤(wen xue de )ti zhi ,ge shi 。zhang heng 《xi jing fu 》:“qu shu cai yu ba dou 。”⑥tong “cai ”。1.jin jin 。biao shi shu liang xiao 。《han shu ·gao hui gao hou wen gong chen biao 》:“shi da cheng ming dou min ren san wang ,hu kou ke de er shu cai shen er san 。”(shen er san :shi fen zhi er san 。)2. gang gang 。biao shi shi jian duan 。《liao zhai zhi yi ·cu zhi 》:“shou cai ju ,ze you chao ran er yue 。”(chao :gao tiao 。)