虛:

①大土山。《詩經·鄘風·定之方中》:“升彼虛矣,以望楚矣。”②廢墟。《漢書·賈誼傳》:“凡十三歲,社稷為虛。”③集市。柳宗元《童區(ōu)寄傳》:“去逾四十裡之虛所賣之。”④空虛。《莊子·秋水》:“井蛙不可以語於海者,拘於虛也。”⑤空著。《戰國策·齊策四》:“梁王虛上位。”⑥虛假。《楚辭·九章·惜往日》:“聽讒人之虛辭。”⑦副詞。徒然,白白地。李商隱《安定城樓》:“賈生年少虛垂涕。”(賈生:漢代賈誼。)⑧指清靜無欲的內心境界。《老子》第十五章:“致虛極,守靜篤。”

外:

①疏遠。《周易·泰》:“內君子而外小人,君子道長(zhǎng),小人道消也。”(內:親近。長:增長。消:減少。)《韓非子·愛臣》:“此君人者所外也。”(君人者:國君。)②外邊;外部。與“內”相對。《孟子·告子下》:“入則無法傢拂士,出則無敵國外患者,國恒亡。”《史記·屈原賈生列傳》:“懷王以不知忠臣之分,故內惑於鄭袖,外欺於張儀。”③外表。《法言·修身》:“其為外也肅括。”④其他的。《孟子·滕文公下》:“外人稱夫子好辯,敢問何也?”⑤不正規的;非正式的。《論衡·案書》:“《國語》、《左氏》之外傳也。”⑥排除;除去。《淮南子·精神》:“外此,其餘無足利矣。”⑦稱父系之外的親屬。《爾雅·釋親》:“母之考為外王父。”

蕭:

①香蒿。《詩經·王風·采葛》:“彼采蕭兮,一日不見,如三秋兮。”②淒清;冷落。劉伶《北芒客舍》:“枯葉散蕭林。”③灑脫。蘇轍《武昌九曲亭記》:“(浮圖精舍)依山臨壑,隱蔽松櫪(lì),蕭然絕俗。”(櫪:木名。)④古國名。春秋時宋的附庸,後為楚所滅。在今安徽省蕭縣西北。[蕭條]荒涼。陳子昂《感遇三十八首》之三十四:“朔風吹海樹,蕭條邊已秋。”[蕭索]冷落蕭條。李白《古風五十九首》之十四:“胡關饒風沙,蕭索竟終古。”(饒:多。)[蕭瑟]1.風聲。曹操《步出夏門行·觀滄海》:“秋風蕭瑟,洪波湧起。”2. 寂寞淒涼。杜甫《北征》:“人煙渺蕭瑟。”[蕭墻]古代宮室作為屏障用的矮墻,後借指內部。《論語·季氏》:“吾恐季氏之憂,不在顓(zhuān)臾,而在蕭墻之內也。”(季氏:季孫氏。春秋後期魯國貴族。顓臾:古國名。)

竹:

①竹子。《詩經·衛風·淇奧(yù)》:“瞻彼淇奧,綠竹青青。”(瞻:視。淇:水名。奧:隈隅。)劉義慶《世說新語·任誕》:“七人常集於竹林之下。”②古代八音之一,簫笛之類的竹制樂器。③竹簡,古代用來寫字的竹片。《鹽鐵論·利議》:“抱枯竹,守空言。”

xu :

①da tu shan 。《shi jing ·yong feng ·ding zhi fang zhong 》:“sheng bi xu yi ,yi wang chu yi 。”②fei xu 。《han shu ·gu yi chuan 》:“fan shi san sui ,she ji wei xu 。”③ji shi 。liu zong yuan 《tong ou (ōu)ji chuan 》:“qu yu si shi li zhi xu suo mai zhi 。”④kong xu 。《zhuang zi ·qiu shui 》:“jing wa bu ke yi yu yu hai zhe ,ju yu xu ye 。”⑤kong zhao 。《zhan guo ce ·ji ce si 》:“liang wang xu shang wei 。”⑥xu jia 。《chu ci ·jiu zhang ·xi wang ri 》:“ting chan ren zhi xu ci 。”⑦fu ci 。tu ran ,bai bai de 。li shang yin 《an ding cheng lou 》:“gu sheng nian shao xu chui ti 。”(gu sheng :han dai gu yi 。)⑧zhi qing jing mo yu de nei xin jing jie 。《lao zi 》di shi wu zhang :“zhi xu ji ,shou jing du 。”

wai :

①shu yuan 。《zhou yi ·tai 》:“nei jun zi er wai xiao ren ,jun zi dao chang (zhǎng),xiao ren dao xiao ye 。”(nei :qin jin 。chang :zeng chang 。xiao :jian shao 。)《han fei zi ·ai chen 》:“ci jun ren zhe suo wai ye 。”(jun ren zhe :guo jun 。)②wai bian ;wai bu 。yu “nei ”xiang dui 。《meng zi ·gao zi xia 》:“ru ze mo fa jia bi shi ,chu ze mo di guo wai huan zhe ,guo heng wang 。”《shi ji ·qu yuan gu sheng lie chuan 》:“huai wang yi bu zhi zhong chen zhi fen ,gu nei huo yu zheng xiu ,wai qi yu zhang yi 。”③wai biao 。《fa yan ·xiu shen 》:“ji wei wai ye su gua 。”④ji ta de 。《meng zi ·teng wen gong xia 》:“wai ren chen fu zi hao bian ,gan wen he ye ?”⑤bu zheng gui de ;fei zheng shi de 。《lun heng ·an shu 》:“《guo yu 》、《zuo shi 》zhi wai chuan ye 。”⑥pai chu ;chu qu 。《huai na zi ·jing shen 》:“wai ci ,ji yu mo zu li yi 。”⑦chen fu ji zhi wai de qin shu 。《er ya ·shi qin 》:“mu zhi kao wei wai wang fu 。”

xiao :

①xiang hao 。《shi jing ·wang feng ·cai ge 》:“bi cai xiao xi ,yi ri bu jian ,ru san qiu xi 。”②qi qing ;leng la 。liu ling 《bei mang ke she 》:“ku xie san xiao lin 。”③sa tuo 。su zhe 《wu chang jiu qu ting ji 》:“(fu tu jing she )yi shan lin he ,yin bi song li (lì),xiao ran jue su 。”(li :mu ming 。)④gu guo ming 。chun qiu shi song de fu yong ,hou wei chu suo mie 。zai jin an hui sheng xiao xian xi bei 。[xiao tiao ]huang liang 。chen zi ang 《gan yu san shi ba shou 》zhi san shi si :“shuo feng chui hai shu ,xiao tiao bian yi qiu 。”[xiao suo ]leng la xiao tiao 。li bai 《gu feng wu shi jiu shou 》zhi shi si :“hu guan rao feng sha ,xiao suo jing zhong gu 。”(rao :duo 。)[xiao se ]1.feng sheng 。cao cao 《bu chu xia men hang ·guan cang hai 》:“qiu feng xiao se ,hong bo chong qi 。”2. ji mo qi liang 。du fu 《bei zheng 》:“ren yan miao xiao se 。”[xiao qiang ]gu dai gong shi zuo wei bing zhang yong de ai qiang ,hou jie zhi nei bu 。《lun yu ·ji shi 》:“wu kong ji shi zhi you ,bu zai zhuan (zhuān)yu ,er zai xiao qiang zhi nei ye 。”(ji shi :ji sun shi 。chun qiu hou ji lu guo gui zu 。zhuan yu :gu guo ming 。)

zhu :

①zhu zi 。《shi jing ·wei feng ·qi ao (yù)》:“zhan bi qi ao ,lu zhu qing qing 。”(zhan :shi 。qi :shui ming 。ao :wei yu 。)liu yi qing 《shi shui xin yu ·ren dan 》:“qi ren chang ji yu zhu lin zhi xia 。”②gu dai ba yin zhi yi ,xiao di zhi lei de zhu zhi le qi 。③zhu jian ,gu dai yong lai xie zi de zhu pian 。《yan tie lun ·li yi 》:“bao ku zhu ,shou kong yan 。”