更:

(一)①改變;更換。《韓非子·解老》:“凡法令更則利害易。”②替換。《呂氏春秋·仲春紀》:“是月也,祀不用犧牲,用圭璧,更皮幣。”(犧牲:祭祀用的牲畜。圭:玉器名。皮幣:毛皮和繒帛。)引申為交替。《漢書·萬石君傳》:“九卿更進用事。”③經歷;經過。《韓非子·外儲說左上》:“更日久則塗幹而椽燥。”④抵償;抵押。《史記·平準書》:“悉巴蜀租賦不足以更之。”(悉:竭盡。)⑤古時夜間計時單位,一夜分為五更,每一更約二小時。嶽飛《小重山》:“驚回千裡夢,已三更。” (二)gèng 副詞。①相當於“再”、“又”。《史記·孟嘗君列傳》:“此時孟嘗君有一狐白裘,直千金,天下無雙,入秦獻之昭王,更無他裘。”(直:同“值”。)杜甫《石壕吏》:“室中更無人,惟有乳下孫。”②相當於“愈”。更加。《史記·管晏列傳》:“吾嘗為鮑叔謀事,而更窮困。”

翦:

①[動]斬斷,剪斷。《詩經·召南·甘棠》:“蔽芾甘棠,勿～勿伐。”②[動]修剪,修整。《韓非子·五蠹》:“茅茨不～,采椽不斫。”③[動]侵奪。《詩經·魯頌·閟宮》:“後稷之孫,實維長王,居岐之陽,實始～商。”④[動]消滅。《左傳·成公二年》:“餘姑～滅此而朝食。”⑤[動]刪改,刪除。劉勰《文心雕龍·鎔裁》:“規范本體謂之鎔,～截浮詞謂之裁。”

巧:

①技術;技藝。《商君書·外內》:“末事不禁,則技巧之人利。”②靈敏;靈巧。《韓非子·難四》:“事以微巧成,以疏拙敗。”③擅長。《荀子·哀公》:“昔舜巧於使民,而造父巧於使馬。”(造父:人名。)④欺詐。《淮南子·本經》:“及偽之生也,飾智以驚愚,設詐以巧上。”⑤工巧;精致。王安石《上人書》:“所謂辭者,猶器之有刻鏤繪畫也。誠使巧且華,不必適用;誠使適用,亦不必巧且華。”⑥美好的;動人的。《詩經·衛風·碩人》:“巧笑倩兮,美目盼兮。”⑦虛浮不實。《莊子·盜蹠》:“此夫魯國之巧偽人孔丘非耶?”

上:

(一)①位置在高處的。與“下”相對。《孟子·梁惠王上》:“王坐於堂上,有牽牛而過堂下者。”②等級高或質量好的。《天工開物·飴餳》:“色以白者為上。”③次序或時間在前的。《墨子·七患》:“故雖上世之聖王,豈能使五谷常收,而旱水不至哉?”古樂府《日出東南隅行》:“東方千餘騎,夫婿居上頭。”④在上位的君主。《孟子·梁惠王上》:“入以事其父兄,出以事其長上。”⑤由低處往高處。《莊子·逍遙遊》:“摶(tuán)扶搖而上者九萬裡。”⑥去;往。黃宗羲《柳敬亭傳》:“始復上街頭理其故業。”⑦向前。《戰國策·秦策二》:“三鼓之而卒不上。”(卒:終。)⑧進呈;進獻;送上。《漢書·東方朔傳》:“四方士多上書言得失。”⑨出場。王實甫《西廂記》第一本楔子:“正旦扮鶯鶯上。”⑩加;添加。《論語·顏淵》:“草上之風必偃。”(11)塗染。《天工開物·造竹紙》:“先以白礬水染過,後上紅花汁雲。”(12)通“尚”。崇尚。《呂氏春秋·長見》:“尊賢上功。” (二)shǎng 上聲,漢語四聲之一。鐘嶸《詩品序》:“至平上去人,則餘病未能。”

瑤:

①美玉;像玉一樣的美石。《詩經·衛風·木瓜》:“投我以木桃,報之以瓊瑤。”②比喻珍貴美好,常用作美稱。劉炳《春夕直左掖懷周侍禦》:“憶我同袍人,何繇(yóu)共瑤席。”(直:同“值”。值班。左掖:諫官官署。繇:同“由”。)

簪:

①古人用來綰住頭發或帽子的一種針形首飾。《韓非子·內儲說上》:“吾知吏之不事事也,求簪三日不得之。”(事事:從事其職事。)杜甫《春望》:“白頭搔更短,渾欲不勝簪。”②插戴在頭上。《史記·滑稽列傳》:“西門豹簪筆磬折,向河立待良久。”③連綴。《儀禮·士喪禮》:“以爵弁服簪裳於衣左。”[簪笏]冠簪和笏板。因為都是官宦所用,所以代指做官。王勃《滕王閣序》:“舍簪笏於百齡。”(百齡:指一生。)[簪纓]冠簪和冠纓,都是官吏所戴,代指顯貴。蕭統《錦帶書十二月啟》:“鷁路頹風,想簪纓於幾載?”

geng :

(yi )①gai bian ;geng huan 。《han fei zi ·jie lao 》:“fan fa ling geng ze li hai yi 。”②ti huan 。《lv shi chun qiu ·zhong chun ji 》:“shi yue ye ,si bu yong xi sheng ,yong gui bi ,geng pi bi 。”(xi sheng :ji si yong de sheng chu 。gui :yu qi ming 。pi bi :mao pi he zeng bo 。)yin shen wei jiao ti 。《han shu ·mo dan jun chuan 》:“jiu qing geng jin yong shi 。”③jing li ;jing guo 。《han fei zi ·wai chu shui zuo shang 》:“geng ri jiu ze tu gan er chuan zao 。”④di chang ;di ya 。《shi ji ·ping zhun shu 》:“xi ba shu zu fu bu zu yi geng zhi 。”(xi :jie jin 。)⑤gu shi ye jian ji shi chan wei ,yi ye fen wei wu geng ,mei yi geng yao er xiao shi 。yue fei 《xiao chong shan 》:“jing hui qian li meng ,yi san geng 。” (er )gèng fu ci 。①xiang dang yu “zai ”、“you ”。《shi ji ·meng chang jun lie chuan 》:“ci shi meng chang jun you yi hu bai qiu ,zhi qian jin ,tian xia mo shuang ,ru qin suo zhi zhao wang ,geng mo ta qiu 。”(zhi :tong “zhi ”。)du fu 《dan hao li 》:“shi zhong geng mo ren ,wei you ru xia sun 。”②xiang dang yu “yu ”。geng jia 。《shi ji ·guan yan lie chuan 》:“wu chang wei bao shu mou shi ,er geng qiong kun 。”

jian :

①[dong ]zhan duan ,jian duan 。《shi jing ·shao na ·gan tang 》:“bi fei gan tang ,wu ～wu fa 。”②[dong ]xiu jian ,xiu zheng 。《han fei zi ·wu du 》:“mao ci bu ～,cai chuan bu zhuo 。”③[dong ]qin duo 。《shi jing ·lu song ·bi gong 》:“hou ji zhi sun ,shi wei chang wang ,ju qi zhi yang ,shi shi ～shang 。”④[dong ]xiao mie 。《zuo chuan ·cheng gong er nian 》:“yu gu ～mie ci er chao shi 。”⑤[dong ]shan gai ,shan chu 。liu xie 《wen xin diao long ·rong cai 》:“gui fan ben ti wei zhi rong ,～jie fu ci wei zhi cai 。”

qiao :

①ji shu ;ji yi 。《shang jun shu ·wai nei 》:“mo shi bu jin ,ze ji qiao zhi ren li 。”②ling min ;ling qiao 。《han fei zi ·nan si 》:“shi yi wei qiao cheng ,yi shu zhuo bai 。”③shan chang 。《xun zi ·ai gong 》:“xi shun qiao yu shi min ,er zao fu qiao yu shi ma 。”(zao fu :ren ming 。)④qi zha 。《huai na zi ·ben jing 》:“ji wei zhi sheng ye ,shi zhi yi jing yu ,she zha yi qiao shang 。”⑤gong qiao ;jing zhi 。wang an dan 《shang ren shu 》:“suo wei ci zhe ,you qi zhi you ke lou hui hua ye 。cheng shi qiao ju hua ,bu bi kuo yong ;cheng shi kuo yong ,yi bu bi qiao ju hua 。”⑥mei hao de ;dong ren de 。《shi jing ·wei feng ·shuo ren 》:“qiao xiao qian xi ,mei mu pan xi 。”⑦xu fu bu shi 。《zhuang zi ·dao zhi 》:“ci fu lu guo zhi qiao wei ren kong qiu fei ye ?”

shang :

(yi )①wei zhi zai gao chu de 。yu “xia ”xiang dui 。《meng zi ·liang hui wang shang 》:“wang zuo yu tang shang ,you qian niu er guo tang xia zhe 。”②deng ji gao huo zhi liang hao de 。《tian gong kai wu ·yi tang 》:“se yi bai zhe wei shang 。”③ci xu huo shi jian zai qian de 。《mo zi ·qi huan 》:“gu sui shang shi zhi sheng wang ,qi neng shi wu gu chang shou ,er han shui bu zhi zai ?”gu le fu 《ri chu dong na yu hang 》:“dong fang qian yu ji ,fu xu ju shang tou 。”④zai shang wei de jun zhu 。《meng zi ·liang hui wang shang 》:“ru yi shi ji fu xiong ,chu yi shi ji chang shang 。”⑤you di chu wang gao chu 。《zhuang zi ·xiao yao you 》:“tuan (tuán)fu yao er shang zhe jiu mo li 。”⑥qu ;wang 。huang zong xi 《liu jing ting chuan 》:“shi fu shang jie tou li ji gu ye 。”⑦xiang qian 。《zhan guo ce ·qin ce er 》:“san gu zhi er cu bu shang 。”(cu :zhong 。)⑧jin cheng ;jin suo ;song shang 。《han shu ·dong fang shuo chuan 》:“si fang shi duo shang shu yan de shi 。”⑨chu chang 。wang shi fu 《xi xiang ji 》di yi ben xie zi :“zheng dan ban ying ying shang 。”⑩jia ;tian jia 。《lun yu ·yan yuan 》:“cao shang zhi feng bi yan 。”(11)tu ran 。《tian gong kai wu ·zao zhu zhi 》:“xian yi bai fan shui ran guo ,hou shang gong hua zhi yun 。”(12)tong “shang ”。chong shang 。《lv shi chun qiu ·chang jian 》:“zun xian shang gong 。” (er )shǎng shang sheng ,han yu si sheng zhi yi 。zhong rong 《shi pin xu 》:“zhi ping shang qu ren ,ze yu bing wei neng 。”

yao :

①mei yu ;xiang yu yi yang de mei dan 。《shi jing ·wei feng ·mu gua 》:“tou wo yi mu tao ,bao zhi yi qiong yao 。”②bi yu zhen gui mei hao ,chang yong zuo mei chen 。liu bing 《chun xi zhi zuo ye huai zhou shi yu 》:“yi wo tong pao ren ,he yao (yóu)gong yao xi 。”(zhi :tong “zhi ”。zhi ban 。zuo ye :jian guan guan shu 。yao :tong “you ”。)

zan :

①gu ren yong lai wan zhu tou fa huo mao zi de yi chong zhen xing shou shi 。《han fei zi ·nei chu shui shang 》:“wu zhi li zhi bu shi shi ye ,qiu zan san ri bu de zhi 。”(shi shi :cong shi ji zhi shi 。)du fu 《chun wang 》:“bai tou sao geng duan ,hun yu bu sheng zan 。”②cha dai zai tou shang 。《shi ji ·hua ji lie chuan 》:“xi men bao zan bi qing she ,xiang he li dai liang jiu 。”③lian chuo 。《yi li ·shi sang li 》:“yi jue bian fu zan chang yu yi zuo 。”[zan hu ]guan zan he hu ban 。yin wei dou shi guan huan suo yong ,suo yi dai zhi zuo guan 。wang bo 《teng wang ge xu 》:“she zan hu yu bai ling 。”(bai ling :zhi yi sheng 。)[zan ying ]guan zan he guan ying ,dou shi guan li suo dai ,dai zhi xian gui 。xiao tong 《jin dai shu shi er yue qi 》:“yi lu tui feng ,xiang zan ying yu ji zai ?”