翠:

①“翡翠”的省稱。《楚辭·招魂》:“砥室翠翹(qiáo)。”(砥:石。翹:羽毛。)權德輿《旅館雪晴又睹新月眾興所感因成雜言》:“珠環翠佩聲珊珊。”(佩:佩飾。珊珊:玉聲。)②青綠色。李白《廬山謠》:“翠影紅霞映朝日。”③一種青綠色的雌鳥,也叫“翠鳥。”左思《蜀都賦》:“孔翠群翔,犀象競馳。”

老:

①年歲大。《詩經·邶風·擊鼓》:“與子偕老。”(偕:一同。)《老子》第十八章:“民至老死不相往來。”②衰老。辛棄疾《永遇樂·京口北固亭懷古》:“廉頗老矣,尚能飯否?”③老年人。《戰國策·齊策》:“民扶老攜幼,迎君道中。”特用於對資深長者的敬稱。《詩經·小雅·十月之交》:“不憖遺一老。”(憖yìn:願)④老死;終老。死的諱稱。張溥《五人墓碑記》:“令五人者保其首領以老於戶牖之下。”⑤敬老,養老。《孟子·梁惠王上》:“老吾老以及人之老。”⑥熟練,有經驗。歐陽修《為君難論》:“其父奢,趙之名將,老用於兵者也。”⑦對公卿大夫的總稱。《左傳·昭公十三年》:“天子之老,請帥王賦。”也指大夫的傢臣《論語·憲問》:“孟公綽為趙魏老則優。”(孟公綽:魯大夫。趙魏:都是晉國的世卿。)⑧告老;年老退休。《左傳·襄公三年》:“祁奚請老。”(祁奚:晉大夫。)⑨年久的;歷時久遠的。原來的(與“新”相對)。方苞《獄中雜記》:“而獄中為老監者四,監五室。”⑩陳舊的。歸有光《項脊軒志》:“百年老屋,塵泥滲漉。”(11)前綴。用於稱人、排列次序和某些動植物名。蘇軾《江城子·密州出獵》:“老夫聊發少年狂。”

霜:

①接近地面的水蒸氣在攝氏零度下凝附於物體上的白色結晶體。《齊民要術·種谷》:“夏至後八十、九十日,常夜半候之,天有霜。”②白;亮。范雲《送別》:“不愁書難寄,但恐鬢將霜。”③高潔。辛文房《唐才子傳·盧仝》:“仝志懷霜雪,操擬松柏。”④年。李白《古風五十九首》其十四:“白骨橫千霜。”

難:

(一)nán 困難;艱難。與“易”相對。《老子》第二章:“故有無相生,難易相成。”李白《蜀道難》:“蜀道之難,難於上青天。” (二)nàn ①災難;禍患。《孫子·謀攻》:“三軍既惑且疑,則諸侯之難至矣。”《韓非子·五蠹》:“堅甲厲兵以備難。”(厲兵:磨快兵器。)特指兵難,反抗或叛亂。賈誼《過秦論》:“一夫作難而七廟隳。”(七廟:天子的宗廟。隳 :毀壞。)蘇軾《晁錯論》:“惟仁人君子豪傑之士,能出身為天下犯大難,以求成大功。”②怨仇。《戰國策·秦策一》:“以與周武為難。”(周武:周武王。)《史記·張儀列傳》:“楚嘗與秦構難,戰於漢中。”③責備;責難。《孟子·離婁下》:“於禽獸又何難焉?”又詰問;反駁。《論衡·問孔》:“造難孔子,何傷於義?”王安石《答司馬諫議書》:“辟邪說,難壬人。”(壬人:佞人,巧言諂媚的小人。)又辯駁的觀點,論點。《漢書·高帝紀》:“(漢王)以問張良,良發八難。” (三)nuó ①茂盛的樣子。《詩經·小雅·隰桑》:“隰桑有阿,其葉有難。”(阿:通“婀”,柔美的樣子。)②驅逐疫鬼。後來寫作“儺”。《周禮·夏官·方相氏》:“帥百隸而時難,以索室驅疫。”

蝕:

①蟲等蛀傷。《淮南子·說林》:“月照天下蝕於詹諸。”(詹諸:蛤蟆。)②損傷;侵蝕。梅堯臣《劉原甫古錢勸酒》詩:“精銅不蝕。”③日蝕;月蝕。《荀子·天論》:“夫日月之有蝕……是無世而不常有之。”

多:

①數量大,與“少”相對。《孟子·公孫醜下》:“得道者多助,失道者寡助。”(得道:指得治國之道,即行仁政。寡:少。)王維《相思》:“願君多采擷。”②勝過;超過。湯顯祖《紫簫記·巧探》:“想他才似相如,貌多王粲。”(相如:司馬相如,漢辭賦傢。王粲:漢魏間人,貌美多才。)③稱贊;著重。《史記·季佈欒佈列傳》:“諸公皆多季佈能摧剛為柔,朱傢以此名聞當世。”《史記·魏其武安侯列傳》:“士亦以此多之。”④過分的;多餘的。《莊子·漁父》:“今子既上無君侯有司之勢,而下無大臣職事之官,而擅飭(chì)禮樂,選人倫以化齊民,不泰多事乎?”(飭:整頓。泰:太,過於,過分。)劉劭《人物志·體別》:“夫在多疑。”⑤增多。《荀子·天論》:“因物而多之,孰與騁能而化之?”⑥通“哆”,不正。《法言·吾子》:“中正則雅,多哇則鄭。”(哇:淫邪的樂聲。)⑦副詞。表示限定。約相當於“隻”、“僅僅”。朱浮《為幽州牧與彭寵書》:“此猶河濱之民捧土以塞孟津,多見其不知量也。”《論語·子張》:“人雖欲自絕,其何傷於日月乎? 多見其不知量也。”

蘚:

隱花之類的植物。莖葉很小,沒有根,生在陰濕之地。李煜《浪淘沙》:“秋風庭院蘚侵階。”

乍:

①副詞。突然;忽然。白居易《琵琶行》:“銀瓶乍破水漿迸,鐵騎突出刀槍鳴。”②剛;才。柳永《黃鶯兒》:“乍出暖煙來,又趁遊蜂去。”③連詞。寧可。李白《設辟邪伎鼓吹雉子班曲辭》:“乍向草中耿介死,不求黃金籠下生。”(耿介:正直。)④暫時。張衡《西京賦》:“將乍往而未半。”

封:

①加土培育樹木以為界。《左傳·昭公二年》:“宿敢不封殖此樹?”(宿:人名)②疆界,邊境。《荀子·強國》:“土地之大,封內千裡,人之眾數以億萬。”③積土築土為墳。《禮記·樂記》:“封比幹之墓。”④古代帝王築壇祭天。《大戴禮記·保傅》:“是以封泰山而禪梁甫。”(梁甫:泰山下的一座小山。)⑤封閉;封合。《史記·項羽本紀》:“封府庫而待將軍。”⑥封合物,或用來封東西的紙包、紙袋。司馬光《答彭寂朝議書》:“雖市廛畎畝之民,皆得直上封言事。”⑦古代帝王把土地爵位或名號授予臣子。柳宗元《封建論》:“漢有天下,矯秦之枉,徇周之制,剖海內而立宗子,封功臣。”(宗子:同宗族的子弟。)⑧量詞。用於封緘物。《史記·越王勾踐世傢》:“為一封書遺故所善莊生。”

cui :

①“fei cui ”de sheng chen 。《chu ci ·qiao hun 》:“di shi cui qiao (qiáo)。”(di :dan 。qiao :yu mao 。)quan de yu 《lv guan xue qing you du xin yue zhong xing suo gan yin cheng za yan 》:“zhu huan cui pei sheng shan shan 。”(pei :pei shi 。shan shan :yu sheng 。)②qing lu se 。li bai 《lu shan yao 》:“cui ying gong xia ying chao ri 。”③yi chong qing lu se de ci diao ,ye jiao “cui diao 。”zuo sai 《shu dou fu 》:“kong cui qun xiang ,xi xiang jing chi 。”

lao :

①nian sui da 。《shi jing ·bei feng ·ji gu 》:“yu zi xie lao 。”(xie :yi tong 。)《lao zi 》di shi ba zhang :“min zhi lao si bu xiang wang lai 。”②cui lao 。xin qi ji 《yong yu le ·jing kou bei gu ting huai gu 》:“lian po lao yi ,shang neng fan fou ?”③lao nian ren 。《zhan guo ce ·ji ce 》:“min fu lao xie you ,ying jun dao zhong 。”te yong yu dui zi shen chang zhe de jing chen 。《shi jing ·xiao ya ·shi yue zhi jiao 》:“bu yin wei yi lao 。”(yin yìn:yuan )④lao si ;zhong lao 。si de hui chen 。zhang pu 《wu ren mu bei ji 》:“ling wu ren zhe bao ji shou ling yi lao yu hu you zhi xia 。”⑤jing lao ,yang lao 。《meng zi ·liang hui wang shang 》:“lao wu lao yi ji ren zhi lao 。”⑥shou lian ,you jing yan 。ou yang xiu 《wei jun nan lun 》:“ji fu she ,zhao zhi ming jiang ,lao yong yu bing zhe ye 。”⑦dui gong qing da fu de zong chen 。《zuo chuan ·zhao gong shi san nian 》:“tian zi zhi lao ,qing shuai wang fu 。”ye zhi da fu de jia chen 《lun yu ·xian wen 》:“meng gong chao wei zhao wei lao ze you 。”(meng gong chao :lu da fu 。zhao wei :dou shi jin guo de shi qing 。)⑧gao lao ;nian lao tui xiu 。《zuo chuan ·xiang gong san nian 》:“qi xi qing lao 。”(qi xi :jin da fu 。)⑨nian jiu de ;li shi jiu yuan de 。yuan lai de (yu “xin ”xiang dui )。fang bao 《yu zhong za ji 》:“er yu zhong wei lao jian zhe si ,jian wu shi 。”⑩chen jiu de 。gui you guang 《xiang ji xuan zhi 》:“bai nian lao wu ,chen ni shen lu 。”(11)qian chuo 。yong yu chen ren 、pai lie ci xu he mou xie dong zhi wu ming 。su shi 《jiang cheng zi ·mi zhou chu lie 》:“lao fu liao fa shao nian kuang 。”

shuang :

①jie jin de mian de shui zheng qi zai she shi ling du xia ning fu yu wu ti shang de bai se jie jing ti 。《ji min yao shu ·chong gu 》:“xia zhi hou ba shi 、jiu shi ri ,chang ye ban hou zhi ,tian you shuang 。”②bai ;liang 。fan yun 《song bie 》:“bu chou shu nan ji ,dan kong bin jiang shuang 。”③gao jie 。xin wen fang 《tang cai zi chuan ·lu tong 》:“tong zhi huai shuang xue ,cao ni song bai 。”④nian 。li bai 《gu feng wu shi jiu shou 》ji shi si :“bai gu heng qian shuang 。”

nan :

(yi )nán kun nan ;jian nan 。yu “yi ”xiang dui 。《lao zi 》di er zhang :“gu you mo xiang sheng ,nan yi xiang cheng 。”li bai 《shu dao nan 》:“shu dao zhi nan ,nan yu shang qing tian 。” (er )nàn ①zai nan ;huo huan 。《sun zi ·mou gong 》:“san jun ji huo ju yi ,ze zhu hou zhi nan zhi yi 。”《han fei zi ·wu du 》:“jian jia li bing yi bei nan 。”(li bing :mo kuai bing qi 。)te zhi bing nan ,fan kang huo pan luan 。gu yi 《guo qin lun 》:“yi fu zuo nan er qi miao hui 。”(qi miao :tian zi de zong miao 。hui :hui huai 。)su shi 《chao cuo lun 》:“wei ren ren jun zi hao jie zhi shi ,neng chu shen wei tian xia fan da nan ,yi qiu cheng da gong 。”②yuan chou 。《zhan guo ce ·qin ce yi 》:“yi yu zhou wu wei nan 。”(zhou wu :zhou wu wang 。)《shi ji ·zhang yi lie chuan 》:“chu chang yu qin gou nan ,zhan yu han zhong 。”③ze bei ;ze nan 。《meng zi ·li lou xia 》:“yu qin shou you he nan yan ?”you jie wen ;fan bo 。《lun heng ·wen kong 》:“zao nan kong zi ,he shang yu yi ?”wang an dan 《da si ma jian yi shu 》:“bi xie shui ,nan ren ren 。”(ren ren :ning ren ,qiao yan chan mei de xiao ren 。)you bian bo de guan dian ,lun dian 。《han shu ·gao di ji 》:“(han wang )yi wen zhang liang ,liang fa ba nan 。” (san )nuó ①mao cheng de yang zi 。《shi jing ·xiao ya ·xi sang 》:“xi sang you a ,ji xie you nan 。”(a :tong “e ”,rou mei de yang zi 。)②qu zhu yi gui 。hou lai xie zuo “nuo ”。《zhou li ·xia guan ·fang xiang shi 》:“shuai bai li er shi nan ,yi suo shi qu yi 。”

shi :

①chong deng zhu shang 。《huai na zi ·shui lin 》:“yue zhao tian xia shi yu zhan zhu 。”(zhan zhu :ge ma 。)②sun shang ;qin shi 。mei yao chen 《liu yuan fu gu qian quan jiu 》shi :“jing tong bu shi 。”③ri shi ;yue shi 。《xun zi ·tian lun 》:“fu ri yue zhi you shi ……shi mo shi er bu chang you zhi 。”

duo :

①shu liang da ,yu “shao ”xiang dui 。《meng zi ·gong sun chou xia 》:“de dao zhe duo zhu ,shi dao zhe gua zhu 。”(de dao :zhi de zhi guo zhi dao ,ji hang ren zheng 。gua :shao 。)wang wei 《xiang sai 》:“yuan jun duo cai xie 。”②sheng guo ;chao guo 。shang xian zu 《zi xiao ji ·qiao tan 》:“xiang ta cai shi xiang ru ,mao duo wang can 。”(xiang ru :si ma xiang ru ,han ci fu jia 。wang can :han wei jian ren ,mao mei duo cai 。)③chen zan ;zhao chong 。《shi ji ·ji bu luan bu lie chuan 》:“zhu gong jie duo ji bu neng cui gang wei rou ,zhu jia yi ci ming wen dang shi 。”《shi ji ·wei ji wu an hou lie chuan 》:“shi yi yi ci duo zhi 。”④guo fen de ;duo yu de 。《zhuang zi ·yu fu 》:“jin zi ji shang mo jun hou you si zhi shi ,er xia mo da chen zhi shi zhi guan ,er shan chi (chì)li le ,shua ren lun yi hua ji min ,bu tai duo shi hu ?”(chi :zheng du 。tai :tai ,guo yu ,guo fen 。)liu shao 《ren wu zhi ·ti bie 》:“fu zai duo yi 。”⑤zeng duo 。《xun zi ·tian lun 》:“yin wu er duo zhi ,shu yu cheng neng er hua zhi ?”⑥tong “chi ”,bu zheng 。《fa yan ·wu zi 》:“zhong zheng ze ya ,duo wa ze zheng 。”(wa :yin xie de le sheng 。)⑦fu ci 。biao shi xian ding 。yao xiang dang yu “zhi ”、“jin jin ”。zhu fu 《wei you zhou mu yu peng chong shu 》:“ci you he bin zhi min peng tu yi sai meng jin ,duo jian ji bu zhi liang ye 。”《lun yu ·zi zhang 》:“ren sui yu zi jue ,ji he shang yu ri yue hu ? duo jian ji bu zhi liang ye 。”

xian :

yin hua zhi lei de zhi wu 。jing xie hen xiao ,mei you gen ,sheng zai yin shi zhi de 。li yu 《lang tao sha 》:“qiu feng ting yuan xian qin jie 。”

zha :

①fu ci 。tu ran ;hu ran 。bai ju yi 《pi pa hang 》:“yin ping zha po shui jiang beng ,tie ji tu chu dao qiang ming 。”②gang ;cai 。liu yong 《huang ying er 》:“zha chu nuan yan lai ,you chen you feng qu 。”③lian ci 。ning ke 。li bai 《she bi xie ji gu chui zhi zi ban qu ci 》:“zha xiang cao zhong geng jie si ,bu qiu huang jin long xia sheng 。”(geng jie :zheng zhi 。)④zan shi 。zhang heng 《xi jing fu 》:“jiang zha wang er wei ban 。”

feng :

①jia tu pei yo shu mu yi wei jie 。《zuo chuan ·zhao gong er nian 》:“su gan bu feng shi ci shu ?”(su :ren ming )②jiang jie ,bian jing 。《xun zi ·jiang guo 》:“tu de zhi da ,feng nei qian li ,ren zhi zhong shu yi yi mo 。”③ji tu zhu tu wei fen 。《li ji ·le ji 》:“feng bi gan zhi mu 。”④gu dai di wang zhu tan ji tian 。《da dai li ji ·bao fu 》:“shi yi feng tai shan er chan liang fu 。”(liang fu :tai shan xia de yi zuo xiao shan 。)⑤feng bi ;feng ge 。《shi ji ·xiang yu ben ji 》:“feng fu ku er dai jiang jun 。”⑥feng ge wu ,huo yong lai feng dong xi de zhi bao 、zhi dai 。si ma guang 《da peng ji chao yi shu 》:“sui shi chan quan mu zhi min ,jie de zhi shang feng yan shi 。”⑦gu dai di wang ba tu de jue wei huo ming hao shou yu chen zi 。liu zong yuan 《feng jian lun 》:“han you tian xia ,jiao qin zhi wang ,xun zhou zhi zhi ,pou hai nei er li zong zi ,feng gong chen 。”(zong zi :tong zong zu de zi di 。)⑧liang ci 。yong yu feng jian wu 。《shi ji ·yue wang gou jian shi jia 》:“wei yi feng shu wei gu suo shan zhuang sheng 。”